The human body relies on many vital organs, yet the liver quietly carries out over 500 essential functions every moment. Its importance often goes unnoticed - until it begins to malfunction. A healthy liver supports a healthy body, and it is high time we give liver health the attention it deserves.
Each year, 19th April is observed as World Liver Day to raise awareness about liver health and associated diseases. On this occasion, I would like to share vital insights into liver care and highlight the dangers posed by unhealthy lifestyles, which are contributing significantly to a rise in liver-related conditions.
The Rise of Liver Diseases: Conditions such as fatty liver disease, hepatitis, and liver cirrhosis are becoming increasingly common due to the impact of urban lifestyles - characterised by poor diets, alcohol consumption, obesity, and chronic stress.
Fatty Liver Disease in India: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a major health concern in India. It is particularly prevalent among individuals with obesity, diabetes, or cardiovascular conditions. Often referred to as a “silent epidemic,” NAFLD is closely linked to poor dietary habits and sedentary living. According to government data, approximately three in every ten individuals in India are affected by this condition. Globally, nearly one in four people live with it.
Why the Liver Matters: The liver is the largest internal organ in the human body and is vital to many crucial processes, including-
- Converting food into energy
- Detoxifying harmful substances
- Storing essential proteins, vitamins, and minerals
- Purifying the blood
- Supporting immune function
Warning Signs of Liver Damage: Recognising early symptoms of liver dysfunction is crucial. Common signs include:
- Constant fatigue and weakness
- Abdominal pain or swelling
- Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea or vomiting
Liver Disease Trends in India
The rise of liver diseases in India is a matter of significant concern. Alcoholic liver disease, NAFLD, and hepatitis B and C infections are leading causes. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), hepatitis B and C are on the rise and often progress to cirrhosis or liver cancer. Unhealthy eating habits and sedentary routines have exacerbated NAFLD cases. Vaccination against hepatitis B and prompt treatment for hepatitis C are equally vital. On World Liver Day, make informed lifestyle changes and prioritise regular health evaluations.
Advice for Maintaining Liver Health
- Undergo regular health check-ups
- Follow a balanced, low-fat diet
- Refrain from alcohol and smoking
- Engage in at least 30 minutes of daily physical activity
- Maintain a healthy body weight
- Get vaccinated, especially for hepatitis B
- Avoid self-medicating; always consult a doctor before taking medicines
— The author is the Director & HOD, Gastroenterology at the Asian Institute of Medical Sciences
